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Mesothelioma Asbestosis The exposure to asbestos is the reason for both asbestosis and mesothelioma. Both are long-term health issues. Mesothelioma is a cancerous illness, is different from asbestosis. A biopsy is the primary method to determine if you have mesothelioma pleural. Doctors examine a small portion of pleural tissue using a microscope. Symptoms Mesothelioma is an aggressive cancerous growth that occurs in the thin layer of tissue which surrounds organs. It can be caused by exposure to asbestos. Asbestos is a group of naturally occurring mineral fibers that were once used in many different products, such as insulation, brakes, shingles and flooring. When asbestos is disturbed, it releases tiny fibers into air. If these fibers are inhaled they could cause irritation to the lungs or stomach. Mesothelioma is a condition that occurs when the cells of the affected tissue begin to grow in a different way and then transform into tumors. Mesothelioma can occur in any part of the body and affects both genders equally. Symptoms vary depending on where the tumors develop and in the stage of mesothelioma that the cancer is. The most frequent symptoms are breathing difficulties and chest pain. Other symptoms include abdominal pain, fatigue and fever. After exposure to asbestos mesothelioma can take up to 60 years to manifest. The symptoms typically do not appear until the disease has reached an advanced stage. This prolonged time lag is among the reasons patients are misdiagnosed. The first signs of pleural mesothelioma include a cough, breathing problems and chest pain. As the cancer progresses, it may produce fluid that causes irritation to the lungs, causing coughing, chest wall pain fatigue, weight loss and fatigue. Fluid buildup can also happen in the abdomen (abdominal mesothelioma) or around the heart (pericardial mesothelioma). As the disease progresses, symptoms get more severe and they are spread to other parts of the body. Peritoneal mesothelioma can cause pain in the abdomen and can affect digestion. The mesothelioma in the pleural region can spread to the chest wall, diaphragm or heart, causing lung issues. A biopsy is a method for doctors to diagnose mesothelioma. They will examine the cells to determine if it is epithelioid, sarcomatoid, or biphasic. Epithelioid-related mesothelioma makes up 70% of diagnoses and is the most sensitive to treatment. Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma is more difficult to treat and has a worse prognosis. Biphasic mesothelioma manifests as epithelioid (epithelioid) and sarcomatoid (sarcomatoid) cells. It is found in 40% of patients. The early stages of the disease should be treated with surgery. Diagnosis The diagnosis of mesothelioma is based on the results of a combination tests, which include blood tests and imaging scans. The results of these tests are used to determine if mesothelioma is present and assist doctors in choosing the best treatment for each patient. A doctor will first examine the patient and inquire about their exposure to asbestos in the past. Most people who have been exposed to asbestos know they are at risk of developing lung problems. However, it may take a long time before symptoms begin to develop. Many mesothelioma patients have been misdiagnosed as having lung cancer or pneumonia. Inhalation of asbestos fibres can damage the organs and lungs. This damage is slow to show itself, with the earliest signs of mesothelioma usually not occurring until 20-60 years after exposure. Asbestos is a group of minerals made up of tiny fibres. They were once widely used in the construction of homes but are now prohibited from use. The most vulnerable to mesothelioma are those who worked in the mining and manufacturing industries, where they could have breathed asbestos or touched it. This includes construction workers, insulation workers, and electricians. After the initial examination is completed after which the doctor will ask for a series or imaging tests to obtain more information about the extent of mesothelioma. These include CT (computerised tomography) scans, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans, and PET scans. These scans may reveal the location of mesothelioma tumors and if they have spread. The doctors will also take tissue samples from the affected area to confirm the diagnosis of mesothelioma. This can be done through the use of a needle or during surgery. For mesothelioma pleural this procedure is usually carried out using VATS (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery) or a CT-guided core biopsy. For peritoneal cancer the sample is typically taken during surgery or with an syringe for cytology. It is then analysed under a microscope to confirm a mesothelioma diagnoses. Treatment The early detection of mesothelioma may lead to effective treatment. Treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. New targeted therapies have been shown to have promising results in certain patients, but they are still being tested out in clinical trials. If a doctor suspects mesothelioma, they will conduct an examination. They can also request imaging scans, blood tests or the procedure of a biopsy. A biopsy involves removing fluid or tissue from the affected area, such as a lung mass to be examined under microscope. Doctors can conduct a biopsy using surgical methods like VATS or by inserting a needle into the mesothelioma in order to remove a small amount of tissue. During a biopsy the doctors will also collect a tissue sample to be tested further from the area surrounding the tumor. Torrance asbestos lawsuit will enable them to determine if mesothelioma cancerous cells are present and of what kind. This information will be used to determine the best treatment for mesothelioma. The mesothelioma symptoms are usually severe and can make daily life difficult. Tumors can be painful, especially if they press against organs or nerves. Mesothelioma may also cause fluid to build up in the chest or abdomen. This can result in breathing problems, weight loss and a swollen chest or abdomen. For people who are too sick to undergo surgery doctors can take out excess fluid to help improve breathing and ease chest pain. This is called thoracentesis or paracentesis. It is also possible to use a technique called pleurectomy or decortication, which involves injecting a safe talcum powder in the pleural cavity in order to cause inflammation that can close the pleural space and decrease the accumulation of fluid. Peritonectomy is a procedure which doctors use to eliminate the tumor and the abdominal lining in the case of peritoneal cancer. Doctors can also treat peritoneal mesothelioma with chemotherapy or radiation therapy alone or in conjunction with surgery. They can also administer chemotherapy prior to surgery or radiation therapy also known as neoadjuvant therapy. They may also experiment with experimental treatments in clinical trials like a new drug which targets the cell cycle. Prognosis The prognosis of mesothelioma can vary depending on a number of factors. The type of mesothelioma, its location and the stage of cancer all influence how the disease progresses and what treatments may be employed. The mesothelioma type of a patient can be determined from a biopsy. In this procedure the small amount of tissue is removed from the area affected and examined under microscope. A pathologist will look at the tissue for signs of mesothelioma and also for other abnormalities. A few signs that could suggest mesothelioma of the pleura include chest pain, breathing difficulties and persistent coughing. Patients who exhibit any of these symptoms should seek medical attention. Mesothelioma can be difficult to identify, particularly in its early stages. Because of this, it is not uncommon for patients to get wrongly diagnosed. A second opinion from a specialist in mesothelioma can increase the chances of a patient's survival. Getting a correct diagnosis means that you will receive the correct treatment, which can dramatically increase survival rates. A cytology test is an important part of diagnosing the mesothelioma. This test involves taking a small amount from the lungs affected and abdomen, which is examined under a microscope to detect signs of mesothelioma. The test can also reveal how the cells are growing which aids doctors in determining the type of mesothelioma the patient has. Another lab test that is used to diagnose mesothelioma is immunohistochemistry. In this test, antibodies are used to bind to markers on cells. When the antibody binds to the marker and the stain turns color. The color of the stain indicates what type mesothelioma is being displayed by the cells. If mesothelioma has been diagnosed, the oncologist will examine the extent to which the cancer has spread. This is called the mesothelioma staging. Stage 1 mesothelioma is the best prognosis, followed by stage 2 and stage 3. People who have sarcomatoid or peritoneal mesothelioma have a poorer prognosis since these types of cancer cells are more difficult to treat than epithelioid mesothelioma. If you have been diagnosed with mesothelioma, doctors may recommend surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Some doctors may recommend a combination therapy. Another treatment option that is possible is a mesothelioma vaccine, which has shown promise in increasing survival rates and slowing down the growth of mesothelioma.